portrait

神代剛（こうしろつよし）

博士（理学）
気象庁情報基盤部数値予報課数値予報開発センター調査官

査読付き論文

2025年

Samset, B. H., L. J. Wilcox, R. J. Allen, C. W. Stjern, M. T. Lund, S. Ahmadi, A. Ekman, M. T. Elling, L. Fraser-Leach, P. Griffiths, J. Keeble, T. Koshiro, P. Kushner, A. Lewinschal, R. Makkonen, J. Merikanto, P. Nabat, L. Narazenko, D. O'Donnell, N. Oshima, S. T. Rumbold, T. Takemura, K. Tsigaridis, and D. M. Westervelt, 2025: East Asian aerosol cleanup has likely contributed to the recent acceleration in global warming. Comm. Earth Environ., 6, 543, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02527-3.
Koike, M., Y. Kawai, K. Adachi, H. Aiki, Y. Kanaya, H. Kawai, K. Kita, F. Kondo, T. Koshiro, H. Matsui, T. Miyakawa, A. Miyamoto, T. Miyasaka, Y. Miyazaki, M. Mochida, T. Mori, N. Moteki, T. Murayama, H. Nakamura, S. Ohata, E. Oka, S. Okajima, Y. Tobo, S. Sekizawa, and A. Yoshida, 2025: Integrated aircraft and research vessel observational studies of aerosols and clouds in summer over the western North Pacific. Prog. Earth Planet. Sci., 12, 50, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-025-00719-1.
Hashino, T., M. Satoh, T. Kubota, T. Koshiro, K. Okamoto, Y. Hagihara, H. Okamoto, and T. Seiki, 2025: A sub-grid precipitation generator based on NICAM for simulating cloud radar signals with GCMs. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 130, e2024JD042597, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042597.

2024年

Noda, A. T., N. Hirota, T. Koshiro, and H. Kawai, 2024: Robustness of the relationship between tropical high-cloud cover and large-scale circulations. Clim. Dyn., 62, 10153-10165, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-024-07441-6.

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, and S. Yukimoto, 2024: Vertical profile analysis of cloud feedbacks. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 129, e2023JD040530, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD040530.

2022年

Maki, T., T. Y. Tanaka, T. Koshiro, A. Shimizu, T. T. Sekiyama, M. Kajino, Y. Kurosaki, T. Okuro, and N. Oshima, 2022: Changes in dust emissions in the Gobi Desert due to global warming using MRI-ESM2.0. SOLA, 18, 218-224, https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2022-035.

Kawai, H., K. Yoshida, T. Koshiro, and S. Yukimoto, 2022: Importance of minor-looking treatments in global climate models. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 14, e2022MS003128, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022MS003128.

Ushijima, Y., H. Tsujino, K. Sakamoto, M. Ishii, T. Koshiro, and N. Oshima, 2022: Effects of anthropogenic forcings on multidecadal variability of the sea level around the Japanese coast simulated by MRI-ESM2.0 for CMIP6. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49, e2022GL099987, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099987.

Andrews, T., A. Bodas-Salcedo, J. M. Gregory, Y. Dong, K. C. Armour, D. Paynter, P. Lin, A. Modak, T. Mauritsen, J. N. S. Cole, B. Medeiros, J. J. Benedict, H. Douville, R. Roehrig, T. Koshiro, H. Kawai, T. Ogura, J.-L. Dufresne, R. P. Allan, and C. Liu, 2022: On the effect of historical SST patterns on radiative feedback. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 127, e2022JD036675, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD036675.

Koshiro, T., H. Kawai, and A. T. Noda, 2022: Estimated cloud-top entrainment index explains positive low-cloud-cover feedback. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 119, e2200635119, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2200635119.

Konsta, D., J.-L. Dufresne, H. Chepfer, J. Vial, T. Koshiro, H. Kawai, A. Bodas-Salcedo, R. Roehrig, M. Watanabe, and T. Ogura, 2022: Low-level marine tropical clouds in six CMIP6 models are too few, too bright but also too compact and too homogeneous. Geophys. Res. Lett., 49, e2021GL097593, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097593.

2021年

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, and S. Yukimoto, 2021: Relationship between shortwave radiation bias over the Southern Ocean and the double-intertropical convergence zone problem in MRI-ESM2. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 22, e1064, https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.1064.

Jones, C. D., J. E. Hickman, S. T. Rumbold, J. Walton, R. D. Lamboll, R. B. Skeie, S. Fiedler, P. M. Forster, J. Rogelj, M. Abe, M. Botzet, K. Calvin, C. Cassou, J. N. S. Cole, P. Davini, M. Deushi, M. Dix, J. C. Fyfe, N. P. Gillett, T. Ilyina, M. Kawamiya, M. Kelley, S. Kharin, T. Koshiro, H. Li, C. Mackallah, W. A. Müller, P. Nabat, T. van Noije, P. Nolan, R. Ohgaito, D. Olivié, N. Oshima, J. Parodi, T. J. Reerink, L. Ren, A. Romanou, R. Séférian, Y. Tang, C. Timmreck, J. Tjiputra, E. Tourigny, K. Tsigaridis, H. Wang, M. Wu, K. Wyser, S. Yang, Y. Yang and T. Ziehn, 2021: The climate response to emissions reductions due to COVID-19: Initial results from CovidMIP. Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, e2020GL091883, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091883.

Tebaldi, C., K. Debeire, V. Eyring, E. Fischer, J. Fyfe, P. Friedlingstein, R. Knutti, J. Lowe, B. O'Neill, B. Sanderson, D. van Vuuren, K. Riahi, M. Meinshausen, Z. Nicholls, K. B. Tokarska, G. Hurtt, E. Kriegler, J.-F. Lamarque, G. Meehl, R. Moss, S. E. Bauer, O. Boucher, V. Brovkin, Y.-H. Byun, M. Dix, S. Gualdi, H. Guo, J. G. John, S. Kharin, Y. Kim, T. Koshiro, L. Ma, D. Olivié, S. Panickal, F. Qiao, X. Rong, N. Rosenbloom, M. Schupfner, R. Séférian, A. Sellar, T. Semmler, X. Shi, Z. Song, C. Steger, R. Stouffer, N. Swart, K. Tachiiri, Q. Tang, H. Tatebe, A. Voldoire, E. Volodin, K. Wyser, X. Xin, S. Yang, Y. Yu, and T. Ziehn, 2021: Climate model projections from the Scenario Model Intercomparison Project (ScenarioMIP) of CMIP6. Earth Syst. Dynam., 12, 253-293, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-253-2021.

2020年

Oshima, N., S. Yukimoto, M. Deushi, T. Koshiro, H. Kawai, T. Y. Tanaka, and K. Yoshida, 2020: Global and Arctic effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic gases and aerosols in MRI-ESM2.0. Prog. Earth Planet. Sci., 7, 38, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-020-00348-w.

2019年

Yukimoto, S., H. Kawai, T. Koshiro, N. Oshima, K. Yoshida, S. Urakawa, H. Tsujino, M. Deushi, T. Tanaka, M. Hosaka, S. Yabu, H. Yoshimura, E. Shindo, R. Mizuta, A. Obata, Y. Adachi, and M. Ishii, 2019: The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model version 2.0, MRI-ESM2.0: Description and basic evaluation of the physical component. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 97, 931-965, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2019-051.

Kawai, H., S. Yukimoto, T. Koshiro, N. Oshima, T. Tanaka, H. Yoshimura, and R. Nagasawa, 2019: Significant improvement of cloud representation in global climate model MRI-ESM2. Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 2875-2897, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2875-2019.

2018年

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, H. Endo, and O. Arakawa, 2018: Changes in marine fog over the North Pacific under different climates in CMIP5 multi-model simulations. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 123, 10911-10924, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028899.

Koshiro, T., M. Shiotani, H. Kawai, and S. Yukimoto, 2018: Evaluation of relationships between subtropical marine low stratiform cloudiness and estimated inversion strength in CMIP5 models using the satellite simulator package COSP. SOLA, 14, 25-32, https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2018-005.

2017年

Jing, X., K. Suzuki, H. Guo, D. Goto, T. Ogura, T. Koshiro, and J. Mülmenstädt, 2017: A multimodel study on warm precipitation biases in global models compared to satellite observations. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 122, 11806-11824, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027310.

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, and M. J. Webb, 2017: Interpretation of factors controlling low cloud cover and low cloud feedback using a unified predictive index. J. Climate, 30, 9119-9131, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0825.1.

Koshiro, T., S. Yukimoto, and M. Shiotani, 2017: Interannual variability in low stratiform cloud amount over the summertime North Pacific in terms of cloud types. J. Climate, 30, 6107-6121, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0898.1.

2016年

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, H. Endo, O. Arakawa, and Y. Hagihara, 2016: Changes in marine fog in a warmer climate. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 17, 548-555, https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.691.

Tsushima, Y., M. A. Ringer, T. Koshiro, H. Kawai, R. Roehrig, J. Cole, M. Watanabe, T. Yokohata, A. Bodas-Salcedo, K. D. Williams, and M. J. Webb, 2016: Robustness, uncertainties, and emergent constraints in the radiative responses of stratocumulus cloud regimes to future warming. Clim. Dyn., 46, 3025-3039, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2750-7.

2015年

Kawai, H., S. Yabu, Y. Hagihara, T. Koshiro, and H. Okamoto, 2015: Characteristics of the cloud top heights of marine boundary layer clouds and the frequency of marine fog over mid-latitudes. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 93, 613-628, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2015-045.

Webb, M. J., A. P. Lock, C. S. Bretherton, S. Bony, J. N. S. Cole, A. Idelkadi, S. M. Kang, T. Koshiro, H. Kawai, T. Ogura, R. Roehrig, Y. Shin, T. Mauritsen, S. C. Sherwood, J. Vial, M. Watanabe, M. D. Woelfle, and M. Zhao, 2015: The impact of parametrized convection on cloud feedback. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. A, 373, 20140414, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0414.

Suzuki, K., G. L. Stephens, A. Bodas-Salcedo, M. Wang, J.-C. Golaz, T. Yokohata, and T. Koshiro, 2015: Evaluation of the warm rain formation process in global models with satellite observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 72, 3996-4014, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0265.1.

Jiang, J. H., H. Su, C. Zhai, T. J. Shen, T. Wu, J. Zhang, J. N. S. Cole, K. von Salzen, L. J. Donner, C. Seman, A. Del Genio, L. S. Nazarenko, J.-L. Dufresne, M. Watanabe, C. Morcrette, T. Koshiro, H. Kawai, A. Gettelman, L. Millán, W. G. Read, N. J. Livesey, Y. Kasai, and M. Shiotani, 2015: Evaluating the diurnal cycle of upper tropospheric ice clouds in climate models using SMILES observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 72, 1022-1044, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0124.1.

Webb, M. J., A. P. Lock, A. Bodas-Salcedo, S. Bony, J. N. S. Cole, T. Koshiro, H. Kawai, C. Lacagnina, F. M. Selten, R. Roehrig, and B. Stevens, 2015: The diurnal cycle of marine cloud feedback in climate models. Clim. Dyn., 44, 1419-1436, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2234-1.

2014年

Koshiro, T., and M. Shiotani, 2014: Relationship between low stratiform cloud amount and estimated inversion strength in the lower troposphere over the global ocean in terms of cloud types. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 92, 107-120, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2014-107.

Bodas-Salcedo, A., K. D. Williams, M. A. Ringer, I. Beau, J. N. S. Cole, J.-L. Dufresne, T. Koshiro, B. Stevens, Z. Wang, and T. Yokohata, 2014: Origins of the solar radiation biases over the Southern Ocean in CFMIP2 models. J. Climate, 27, 41-56, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00169.1.

2013年

Adachi, Y., S. Yukimoto, M. Deushi, A. Obata, H. Nakano, T. Y. Tanaka, M. Hosaka, T. Sakami, H. Yoshimura, M. Hirabara, E. Shindo, H. Tsujino, R. Mizuta, S. Yabu, T. Koshiro, T. Ose, and A. Kitoh, 2013: Basic performance of a new earth system model of the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI-ESM1). Pap. Meteor. Geophys., 64, 1-19, https://doi.org/10.2467/mripapers.64.1.

Su, H., J. H. Jiang, C. Zhai, V. S. Perun, J. T. Shen, A. Del Genio, L. S. Nazarenko, L. J. Donner, L. Horowitz, C. Seman, C. Morcrette, J. Petch, M. Ringer, J. Cole, M. d. S. Mesquita, T. Iversen, J. E. Kristjansson, A. Gettelman, L. Rotstayn, S. Jeffrey, J.-L. Dufresne, M. Watanabe, H. Kawai, T. Koshiro, T. Wu, E. M. Volodin, T. LÉcuyer, J. Teixeira, and G. L. Stephens, 2013: Diagnosis of regime-dependent cloud simulation errors in CMIP5 models using "A-Train" satellite observations and reanalysis data. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 2762-2780, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018575.

2012年

Jiang, J. H., H. Su, C. Zhai, V. S. Perun, A. Del Genio, L. S. Nazarenko, L. J. Donner, L. Horowitz, C. Seman, J. Cole, A. Gettelman, M. A. Ringer, L. Rotstayn, S. Jeffrey, T. Wu, F. Brient, J.-L. Dufresne, H. Kawai, T. Koshiro, M. Watanabe, T. S. LÉcuyer, E. M. Volodin, T. Iversen, H. Drange, M. d. S. Mesquita, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, B. Tian, J. Teixeira, and G. L. Stephens, 2012: Evaluation of cloud and water vapor simulations in CMIP5 climate models using NASA "A-Train" satellite observations. J. Geophys. Res., 117, D14105, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD017237.

Yukimoto, S., Y. Adachi, M. Hosaka, T. Sakami, H. Yoshimura, M. Hirabara, T. Y. Tanaka, E. Shindo, H. Tsujino, M. Deushi, R. Mizuta, S. Yabu, A. Obata, H. Nakano, T. Koshiro, T. Ose, and A. Kitoh, 2012: A new global climate model of the Meteorological Reserch Institute: MRI-CGCM3 —Model description and basic performance—. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 90A, 23-64, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2012-A02.

もっと前

Horinouchi, T., S. Nishizawa, C. Watanabe, A. Tomobayashi, S. Otsuka, T. Koshiro, Y.-Y. Hayashi, and GFD Dennou Club, 2010: Gfdnavi, web-based data and knowledge server software for geophysical fluid sciences, Part I: Rationales, stand-alone features, and supporting knowledge documentation linked to data. Lecture Notes in Comp. Sci., 6193, 93-104, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14589-6_10.

Jones, N. B., Y. Kasai, E. Dupuy, Y. Murayama, J. Urban, B. Barret, M. Sinnhuber, A. Kagawa, T. Koshiro, P. Ricaud, and D. Murtagh, 2007: Stratomesospheric CO measured by a ground-based Fourier Transform Spectrometer over Poker Flat, Alaska: Comparisons with Odin/SMR and a 2-D model. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D20303, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007916.

Kasai, Y. J., T. Koshiro, M. Endo, N. B. Jones, and Y. Murayama, 2005: Ground-based measurement of strato-mesospheric CO by a FTIR spectrometer over Poker Flat, Alaska. Adv. Space Res., 35, 2024-2030, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2005.04.099.

書籍

早坂忠裕, 片桐秀一郎, 丸山拓海, 神代剛, 佐藤大卓, 西井和晃, 中村尚, 小川晨一, 宮本歩, 宮坂貴文, 西川はつみ, 山内晃, 河本和明, 万田敦昌, 2021: 夏季北太平洋の雲と海洋. 中村尚, 川村隆一（編）気象研究ノート第244号「気候系のHotspot：中緯度大気海洋相互作用研究の新展開」（分担執筆）, 日本気象学会, 163-191, ISBN:9784904129272.

その他の出版物

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, and S. Yukimoto, 2022: Cloud feedbacks in MRI-ESM2. WGNE Research Activities in Earth System Modelling, 52, 7.07-7.08. [PDF]

Koshiro, T., H. Kawai, and S. Yukimoto, 2020: Impact of cloud microphysics parameter on 20th century warming simulated in MRI-CGCM3. WGNE Research Activities in Earth System Modelling, 50, 7.13-7.14. [PDF]

Kawai, H., and T. Koshiro, 2020: Does radiative cooling of stratocumulus strengthen summertime subtropical highs? WGNE Research Activities in Earth System Modelling, 50, 7.11-7.12. [PDF]

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, and S. Yukimoto, 2020: Relationship between shortwave radiation bias over the Southern Ocean and the ITCZ in MRI-ESM2. WGNE Research Activities in Earth System Modelling, 50, 7.09-7.10. [PDF]

Kawai, H., S. Yukimoto, T. Koshiro, N. Oshima, T. Tanaka, and H. Yoshimura, 2017: Improved representation of clouds in climate model MRI-ESM2. CAS/JSC WGNE Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling, 47, 7.07-7.08. [PDF]

小倉知夫, 神代剛, 鈴木健太郎, 清木達也, 川合秀明, 野田暁, 釜江陽一, 渡部雅浩, 2016: 雲フィードバックに関するモデル相互比較プロジェクト（CFMIP）会議2015参加報告. 天気, 63, 105-112. [PDF]

Kawai, H., T. Koshiro, M. Webb, S. Yukimoto, and T. Tanaka, 2015: Cloud feedbacks in MRI-CGCM3. CAS/JSC WGNE Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling, 45, 7.11-7.12. [PDF]

釜江陽一, 小倉知夫, 神代剛, 小玉知央, 野田暁, 清木達也, Ying-Wen Chen, 塩竈秀夫, 川合秀明, 渡部雅浩, 2014: 雲フィードバックに関するモデル相互比較プロジェクト（CFMIP）会議2014参加報告. 天気, 61, 997-1004. [PDF]

小玉知央, 釜江陽一, 小倉知夫, 神代剛, 川合秀明, 野田暁, 渡部雅浩, 2013: 雲フィードバックに関するモデル相互比較プロジェクト（CFMIP）会議2013参加報告. 天気, 60, 1029-1035. [PDF]

高島久洋, 神代剛, 橋口典子, 2008: 2007年3月16日に京都大学宇治キャンパスで観測された複合ハロ現象. 天気, 55, 3-4. [PDF]

プレスリリース

物理的な推定指標を用いて下層雲による温暖化の増幅が説明できることを示しました, 2022年8月15日.

履歴

学歴

1995年3月	福岡県立東筑高等学校卒業
1995年4月	神戸大学発達科学部人間環境科学科入学（自然環境論コース）
1999年3月	同卒業（指導教官: 蛯名邦禎助教授）
1999年4月	北海道大学大学院地球環境科学研究科大気海洋圏環境科学専攻修士課程入学
2001年3月	同修了（指導教官: 沼口敦助教授）
2004年4月	京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻博士後期課程編入学
2009年9月	同研究指導認定退学（指導教員: 塩谷雅人教授）
2018年7月	京都大学博士（理学）取得

職歴

2001年4月	富士通エフ・アイ・ピー株式会社入社（環境システム事業推進部システム部）
2004年3月	同退社
2005年6月〜2006年3月	京都大学生存圏研究所リサーチ・アシスタント
2008年10月〜2009年9月	京都大学大学院理学研究科オフィス・アシスタント
2009年10月〜2019年3月	気象庁気象研究所気候研究部派遣職員（呼称: 支援研究員 / リサーチアソシエイト）
2019年4月〜2019年11月	一般財団法人気象業務支援センター地球環境・気候研究推進室研究員気象庁気象研究所全球大気海洋研究部客員研究員
2019年12月〜2023年9月	気象庁気象研究所全球大気海洋研究部研究官
2023年10月〜2024年3月	気象庁気象研究所全球大気海洋研究部主任研究官
2024年4月〜現在	気象庁情報基盤部数値予報課数値予報開発センター調査官

資格等

気象予報士	（2007年3月登録）
ソフトウェア開発技術者	（2002年6月取得）
中学校・高等学校教諭専修免許状（理科）	（2001年4月取得）

所属学会

日本気象学会

日本地球惑星科学連合

American Geophysical Union

American Meteorological Society

査読経験

Journal of Climate, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Geophysical Research Letters, Climate Dynamics, Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Nature Climate Change

Last modified: Thu Jul 17 12:10 JST 2025

神代 剛 （こうしろ つよし）